New India-UK Project To Use Quantum Power to Boost Soil Health and Food Security

British Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s upcoming visit to Mumbai is spotlighting a major India-UK research partnership in quantum computing and biotechnology. At the heart of this collaboration is a joint project between Imperial College London and IIT Bombay, aiming to use quantum simulations to improve crop resilience and soil health in climate-vulnerable regions.

Researchers are modeling how plants and soil bacteria communicate, using quantum computing to simulate gene regulation and microbial signaling. Strigolactones, a plant chemicals that act as messengers between roots and microbes. The joint India-UK team is studying how synthetic versions of Strigolactones and biochar can enhance these interactions.

IIT Bombay contributes microbial ecology and genomics, while Imperial brings bioinformatics and quantum simulation capabilities. The aim is to boost natural processes that help crops thrive in arid and extreme weather conditions.

Quantum Roots: How India and the UK Are Using Quantum Computing to Reinvent Agriculture

In a world grappling with climate extremes, a groundbreaking India-UK collaboration is turning to quantum computing—not for finance or cryptography, but for farming. At the heart of this effort is a joint research project between Imperial College London and IIT Bombay, aiming to decode the invisible language between plant roots and soil microbes to build climate-resilient agriculture.

From Silicon to Soil: The Quantum Leap

Led by Dr. Po-Heng (Henry) Lee at Imperial and Dr. Indrajit Chakraborty at IIT Bombay, the project uses quantum simulations to model how plants communicate with microbes in the soil. The focus is on strigolactones—plant hormones that act as chemical messengers, triggering microbial responses that affect nutrient uptake, drought resistance, and overall soil health.

We’re not just simulating molecules—we’re simulating relationships, says Dr. Lee. Quantum computing lets us explore how microbial communities respond to plant signals under stress, and how we might enhance those responses.

The Science Behind the Soil

• Synthetic strigolactones and biochar are being tested to amplify beneficial microbial activity.
• IIT Bombay contributes microbial genomics and soil ecology expertise.
• Imperial College builds quantum circuit models to simulate microbial gene expression and signal transduction.

Strategic Roots: India-UK Tech Diplomacy

• The project is a flagship under the India-UK Technology Security Initiative (TSI), signed in 2024.
• Funded by the India Connect Fund, supporting up to 25 joint research efforts annually.
• Will be spotlighted during Keir Starmer’s visit to Mumbai for the Global Fintech Fest 2025.

Why It Matters

• Food Security: Quantum-enhanced soil treatments could boost yields in climate-stressed regions.
• Climate Adaptation: Understanding microbial resilience helps design farming systems that thrive under stress.
• Tech Transfer: Sets a precedent for applying frontier technologies to grassroots challenges.

The Bigger Picture

This isn’t just about quantum computing—it’s about reimagining agriculture as a system of intelligent, adaptive relationships. By simulating the unseen conversations beneath our feet, researchers hope to unlock new pathways to sustainability.

As Dr. Chakraborty puts it, We’re using the most advanced tools in physics to solve the oldest problem in civilization: how to grow food in a changing world.

Standard Chartered’s SC Ventures and Fujitsu Launch ‘Project Quanta’ to Accelerate Quantum Innovation in Finance

SC Ventures by Standard Chartered Bank, which builds and invests in breakthrough ventures in and beyond banking, together with Fujitsu, a leading developer of quantum software and hardware, are set to join forces on September 25 to incubate Project Quanta. The project will integrate multiple software and hardware technologies to provide clients a platform to rapidly explore, develop and integrate quantum computing and quantum- inspired applications.

The joint venture will leverage Fujitsu’s expertise in quantum computing R&D and software-and-algorithm development as well as insights gained through the development of its superconducting quantum computer. It will bring this expertise together with SC Ventures’ venture building prowess and deep insights into financial institutions to accelerate the development of quantum use cases, intellectual property, resources and value.

In this platform, in addition to the development environment, it provides pre- built algorithms in areas such as fraud detection, risk simulations, derivative pricing, and credit decision, enabling users to develop their own algorithms. We also provide access to data and backend hardware, allowing users to test their algorithms.

This project will utilize Fujitsu’s quantum computing technology. Fujitsu has been developing quantum computing capabilities through both software and hardware advancements utilizing multiple joint research initiatives. Based on the collaboration with RIKEN, Fujitsu is currently developing a 1,000-qubit superconducting quantum computer, scheduled to begin operation in fiscal 2026.

Looking ahead, the company is also planning the development of a plus-10,000 qubit (250 logical qubit) superconducting quantum computer by fiscal 2030.

Apurv Suri, Client Engagement & Partnerships Lead, SC Ventures, comments: “The current quantum development industry is fragmented with some companies excelling at hardware integration while others are better at quantum algorithm building tools. By joining forces with Fujitsu, we want to unlock quantum resources and talent on one platform for corporates looking to scale their quantum capabilities.”

Staf ford Bond, Head of Growth Investments, Fujitsu Services Limited, comments: "At Fujitsu, we are committed to solving the world’s most complex challenges through innovation and collaboration. Partnering with SC Ventures on Project Quanta represents a bold step toward democratising access to quantum capabilities and realising true quantum advantage. By combining our expertise in quantum technologies and integration with SC Ventures’ deep industry insight and venture building pedigree, we aim to accelerate the practical application of quantum technologies and unlock transformative value for businesses.”

About Fujitsu

Fujitsu’s purpose is to make the world more sustainable by building trust in society through innovation. As the digital transformation partner of choice for customers around the globe, our 113,000 employees work to resolve some of the greatest challenges facing humanity. Our range of services and solutions draw on five key technologies: AI, Computing, Networks, Data & Security, and Converging Technologies, which we bring together to deliver sustainability transformation. Fujitsu Limited (TSE:6702) reported consolidated revenues of 3.6 trillion yen (US$23 billion) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 and remains the top digital services company in Japan by market share.

HSBC’s Quantum Breakthrough Could Reshape Wall Street

In a landmark moment for financial technology, HSBC has unveiled results from a quantum computing trial that could redefine how Wall Street approaches bond trading. The bank’s experiment, conducted in partnership with IBM, demonstrated a 34% improvement in predicting bond trade execution—an edge that could translate into billions in competitive advantage.

Quantum Meets Wall Street

Using IBM’s Heron quantum processor, HSBC ran simulations on anonymized, production-scale European corporate bond data. Unlike previous quantum trials that relied on synthetic datasets or theoretical models, HSBC’s test was grounded in real-world trading conditions. The result: quantum algorithms outperformed classical methods in forecasting whether a bond would trade at its quoted price.

This is our Sputnik moment, said Philip Intallura, HSBC’s global head of quantum technologies. It’s the first time quantum computing has shown tangible value in live financial markets.

Why It Matters

Bond trading, especially in less liquid markets, hinges on predicting execution probability. A 34% boost in accuracy means traders can quote more confidently, manage risk better, and potentially unlock new revenue streams. For Wall Street firms competing on milliseconds and margins, quantum’s predictive power could be transformative.

The Quantum Arms Race

HSBC’s breakthrough adds fuel to a growing quantum race among global banks. JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, and Citigroup have all invested in quantum research, but HSBC’s use of real trading data sets a new benchmark. The trial also signals a shift from theoretical promise to practical deployment.

According to McKinsey, quantum computing could generate $72 billion in annual revenue by 2035, up from $4 billion last year. Financial services are expected to be among the earliest beneficiaries, especially in areas like portfolio optimization, risk modeling, and fraud detection.

What’s Next

While quantum computers remain in their infancy, HSBC’s trial proves that even today’s noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices can deliver meaningful results. As hardware improves and algorithms mature, quantum could become a core pillar of financial infrastructure.

For now, HSBC’s experiment is a wake-up call: the quantum future isn’t decades away—it’s already reshaping the foundations of Wall Street.

Amaravati’s Quantum Valley Gets Structural Backbone Through AQCC Incorporation

The Andhra Pradesh government has formally established the Amaravati Quantum Computing Centre (AQCC) as a wholly owned government company under the Companies Act, 2013.

This move is part of the state’s ambitious plan to build a Quantum Valley in Amaravati, envisioned as India’s answer to Silicon Valley for quantum technologies.

GO-Ms-25: The Legal Backbone

• Issued by State IT Secretary Bhaskar Katamneni, the government order outlines the creation of AQCC and its strategic role in quantum innovation.
• The centre will serve as a technology hub, bringing together:
• Academic institutions
• Startups
• Global tech providers
• Research labs focused on quantum computing and allied fields.

Strategic Infrastructure & Governance

• 50 acres have been allocated by the Capital Region Development Authority for the Quantum Valley campus.
• The initial board of directors includes secretaries from departments like IT, finance, industries, agriculture, energy, health, and real-time governance.

This marks a pivotal moment in India’s deep-tech journey. The centre will support sectors like cybersecurity, pharmaceuticals, climate modeling, materials science, and AI.

This initiative could position Amaravati as a global nucleus for quantum innovation. The Amaravati Quantum Valley Declaration, adopted during a workshop on June 30, outlines a collaborative roadmap for quantum innovation.

Deeptech QNu Labs Launches QNu Academy to Power India’s Quantum-Ready Workforce

• This launch marks a strategic milestone in India's journey toward achieving quantum self-reliance & digital sovereignty
• The academy is designed to serve a wide range of learners, including universities, faculties & students to build a skilled workforce capable of securing India’s digital future

QNu Labs, India’s first and world’s no.1 integrated end-to-end quantum secured cybersecurity platform today announced the launch of QNu Academy, a global educational initiative aimed at building a future-ready talent pipeline in quantum technologies and cyber-security. As India advances its digital infrastructure and aligns with the National Quantum Mission, QNu Academy, backed by National Quantum Mission aims to bridge the existing talent gap. This launch marks a strategic milestone in India's journey toward achieving quantum self-reliance and digital sovereignty.

QNu Academy offers in-depth education and practical training in advanced technologies such as Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), Quantum Random Number Generation (QRNG), and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC). The curriculum blends self-paced learning and instructor-led modules, curated in collaboration with experts from premier Indian institutions like the IITs and DRDO, as well as global quantum research bodies. Learners benefit from real-world use cases, hands-on lab assignments, continuous assessments, and mentorship from industry practitioners.

• The academy is designed to serve a wide range of learners, including universities, faculties, and students, to build a skilled workforce capable of securing India’s digital future. In addition, QNu Academy actively supports educational institutions through Faculty Development Programs and the creation of Centres of Excellence (CoE) Labs to promote quantum innovation and applied research. Placement support, certifications and career readiness initiatives are also integrated into the learning journey.

Speaking on the launch, Sunil Gupta, Co-Founder & CEO of QNu Labs, said, “QNu Academy is more than an educational platform. It is a national mission to democratize access to quantum education and build widespread awareness around quantum communications. Our goal is to create a sustainable ecosystem for quantum learning in India through faculty development programs, industry-relevant programs, CoE labs, certified programs, real-time projects, and assignments with placement opportunities to develop quantum experts, empowering you to become a future leader. The future of cybersecurity in India depends on how well we prepare today’s learners to tackle tomorrow’s threats.”

“Through QNu Academy, we hope to foster a culture of innovation, encourage indigenous R&D in quantum tech and empower India’s workforce to lead on the global stage,” he added.

QNu Academy represents a timely and important investment in human capital. The program aligns well with India’s broader goals of technological development, digital resilience, and global leadership in quantum innovation. It is envisioned as a long-term commitment to enabling India’s readiness for quantum disruption and equipping the country with the skilled manpower needed to thrive in the post-quantum era.

L&T-Cloudfiniti and QpiAI Partner to Drive Quantum Computing Workloads Including Quantum Computing as a Service (QCAAS)

To revolutionise the quantum computing landscape globally, L&T-Cloudfiniti has forged a strategic partnership with Bengaluru-based deep-tech company QpiAI. The collaboration will focus on driving quantum computing workloads, including Quantum Computing as a Service (QCAAS), enabling scalable deployment of quantum solutions across domains.

L&T-Cloudfiniti and QpiAI will explore collaborative opportunities under India’s National Quantum Mission. QpiAI is the company that has built Indus, India's most powerful 25-qubit quantum computer. Going forward, they will offer 256-qubit quantum computer, followed by a fault-tolerant quantum computer with 100 logical qubits, thus opening up large-scale commercial applications.

Combining L&T’s industry leadership with QpiAI’s technical capabilities, the two companies will initiate and execute joint R&D programmes focussed on next-generation solutions at the intersection of artificial intelligence and quantum computing. This will lead to the development of innovative solutions that address complex challenges across domains, including finance, healthcare, logistics and more.

Commenting on the collaboration, Ms Seema Ambastha, Chief Executive, L&T Cloudfiniti, stated: “We are thrilled to partner with QpiAI to drive quantum computing workloads globally. This collaboration will leverage our cloud infrastructure to host and execute quantum algorithms, enabling scalable deployment of quantum solutions across domains. Together, we aim to deliver innovative and efficient solutions to our customers and enhance operational efficiency.”

Dr Nagendra Nagaraja, CEO, QpiAI, added: “The collaboration with L&T-Cloudfiniti marks a significant milestone in the advancement of quantum computing technology. By combining our technical expertise with L&T’s industry leadership, we are poised to drive innovation and deliver cutting-edge solutions to our customers. We are excited about the opportunities this partnership will bring under India’s National Quantum Mission.”

The partnership marks a significant milestone in the advancement of quantum computing technology and its application across industries.

Govt-backed QpiAI Launches One of India’s Most Powerful Quantum Computers

Bengaluru-based QpiAI, one of the eight startups selected under the National Quantum Mission (NQM), has launched QpiAI-Indus, a 25-qubit superconducting quantum computer. This marks India's first full-stack quantum computing system, integrating advanced quantum processors, scalable control systems, and optimized software for hybrid computing.

The launch, which coincided with World Quantum Day (April 14), positions QpiAI at the forefront of India's quantum ecosystem, driving innovation across life sciences, drug discovery, materials sciences, mobility, logistics, sustainability, and climate action. Since its founding in 2019, QpiAI has filed 11 patent applications and generated revenue of around ₹1 million per annum, with additional funding from SIDBI.

 

QpiAI-Indus

This milestone aligns with India's broader quantum ambitions, reinforcing its position in deep-science and deep-tech innovation. Given your interest in quantum computing's role in AI model fine-tuning, this development could have exciting implications for hybrid AI-quantum optimization.

Notably, India ranks 6th globally in quantum startups, with 53 startups working in the field. However, private investment in quantum computing in India is significantly lower compared to countries like the US and UK.

To recall, Physicist Rajamani Vijayaraghavan led TIFR Quantum Computing Lab at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) is working on a 6-qubit quantum system, aiming to develop indigenous quantum computing technology.

India's National Mission for Quantum Technology and Applications (NMQTA) was launches five years ago, but public investment remains lower than global leaders like China and the US.

While India is making strides, there's still a long way to go in terms of funding and infrastructure.

Next-Level AI Training: Quantum Computing Fine-Tunes Billion-Parameter Model

Chinese researchers have achieved a global first by using a real quantum computer to fine-tune an Al model with one billion parameters. The experiment was conducted on Origin Wukong, China's third-generation superconducting quantum computer with 72 qubits.

Workers calibrate and install the China's independently developed third-generation superconducting quantum computer. Photo:Courtesy: Anhui Quantum Computing Engineering Research Center

This breakthrough led to an 8.4% improvement in training performance while reducing the number of parameters by 76%. The Al model also showed better results in specific tasks-when trained on mental health conversation data, it made 15% fewer mistakes, and in a math problem-solving test, its accuracy jumped from 68% to 82%.

The fine-tuning process traditionally requires high computing power, but quantum computing offers unique Chinese researchers have achieved a global first by using a real quantum computer to fine-tune an Al model with one billion parameters. The experiment was conducted on Origin Wukong, China's third-generation superconducting quantum computer with 72 qubits.

This breakthrough led to an 8.4% improvement in training performance while reducing the number of parameters by 76%. The Al model also showed better results in specific tasks-when trained on mental health conversation data, it made 15% fewer mistakes, and in a math problem-solving test, its accuracy jumped from 68% to 82%.

The fine-tuning process traditionally requires high computing power, but quantum computing offers unique advantages. By leveraging superposition and entanglement, quantum computers can explore vast combinations of parameters simultaneously, making Al training faster and more efficient.

This development could be a game-changer for Al training, reducing computational costs and improving model efficiency.

Experts have reacted with cautious optimism to China's breakthrough in using a quantum computer to fine-tune a billion-parameter AI model.

Some experts remain skeptical, pointing out that while the results are promising, the research is still in the demonstration phase and lacks peer-reviewed validation.

Mphasis Granted U.S. Patent for Quantum Prediction System

Mphasis, (BSE:526299; NSE: MPHASIS), a leading Information Technology (IT) solutions provider specialising in cloud and cognitive services, today announced the award of a U.S. patent on “System and method for optimized processing of information on quantum systems”.

The newly issued patent outlines a pipeline to improve the scalability and performance of quantum machine learning (QML) on near-term quantum computing systems including quantum simulators.

This solution transforms high-dimensional classical input data into an enhanced feature space in quantum format. The feature space transformation ensures efficient mapping and preparation for quantum state loading, paving the way for improved quantum data processing and analysis. The optimal representation method for classical data on quantum systems minimizes the need for additional qubits for higher-dimensional data, handles large feature sets and high volumes of data, and ensures efficient convergence during quantum machine learning (QML) model training.

QML leverages its ability to process high-dimensional, complex data, delivering solutions beyond the reach of classical high-performance computing hardware.

“Quantum Machine Learning (QML) is emerging as a transformative paradigm, enabling academia and industry to solve real-world AI challenges with unprecedented efficiency. This technology and the associated patent stand as a testament to our commitment to innovation and the advancement of next-generation technologies,” said Srikumar Ramanathan, Chief Solutions Officer, Mphasis.

IBM and Modi Govt Exploring Collaboration in Geospatial AI and Quantum Computing

IBM and the Indian government are exploring collaborations in quantum computing, artificial intelligence (AI), and geospatial AI solutions. This initiative aligns with India's National Quantum Mission, which aims to position the country as a global leader in quantum technology.

IBM's Global Head, Arvind Krishna, recently met with Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh to discuss potential partnerships. The discussions highlighted India's rapid technological transformation under Prime Minister Narendra Modi, emphasizing the importance of private sector involvement in driving innovation.

The collaboration could have significant implications for industries such as defense, intelligence, and economic security, as quantum technology is seen as a key factor in determining future global power.

Quantum technology is seen as a key factor in reshaping defense, intelligence, and economic security. A recent NITI Aayog report emphasized the transformative impact of quantum technology on defense and intelligence.

The collaboration aligns with India's goal of achieving self-reliance in critical technologies and becoming a global leader in emerging tech sectors.

During the meeting, Dr Singh mentioned the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), which aims to build a robust research ecosystem in India. ANRF provides strategic funding for advanced research.

Besides IBM, Google has been working with the Indian government on various initiatives, including digital literacy programs and AI-driven solutions for agriculture and healthcare. Microsoft has partnered with the Indian government to enhance digital transformation in public services and promote AI adoption in sectors like education and healthcare.

AWS has collaborated with the government to provide cloud computing solutions for startups and small businesses, supporting India's digital economy. TCS has been involved in developing AI and blockchain solutions for government projects, including smart city initiatives.

National Quantum Mission (NQM), which was launched in April 2023, has received budget of ₹6,003.65 crore and aims to position India as a global leader in quantum technology by 2031.

Quantum technologies are expected to revolutionize sectors like communication, cryptography, healthcare, and climate monitoring. The mission aligns with national priorities like Digital India, Make in India, and Sustainable Development Goals.

India's proactive investments and strategic initiatives are setting the stage for long-term growth in quantum computing.

Andhra Pradesh to Create 'Quantum Valley', A World-class Quantum Computing Hub

Andhra Pradesh is making significant strides in the field of quantum technology. Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu has announced plans to establish a 'Quantum Valley' in Amaravati, aiming to create a world-class quantum computing hub. This initiative is part of the National Quantum Mission and involves collaboration with prestigious institutions like IIT Madras, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), and IBM.

The state government is setting up a task force to drive this effort, with the goal of attracting top-tier talent and global investments. The vision is to position Andhra Pradesh as a national hub for quantum computing research, much like how the state led the Information Technology revolution in the 1990s.

This development is expected to bring revolutionary advancements across various sectors, aligning with the state's focus on emerging technologies and innovation.

The 'Quantum Valley' project is an ambitious initiative by the Andhra Pradesh government, led by Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu, to establish a world-class quantum computing hub in Amaravati. This initiative aligns with the National Quantum Mission and aims to position Andhra Pradesh as a leader in quantum technology and deep tech advancements.

Key Collaborations

The project involves collaboration with prestigious institutions and industry leaders, including:

• IIT Madras: Providing academic and research support.
• Tata Consultancy Services (TCS): Contributing expertise in AI, data science, and cloud-based quantum applications.
• IBM: Driving technological breakthroughs with their research strengths.

Strategic Goals

The primary goals of the 'Quantum Valley' initiative are:

1. Attract Top-Tier Talent: By creating a conducive environment for research and innovation, the project aims to attract top-tier talent from around the world.

2. Global Investments: The initiative seeks to draw significant global investments to foster cutting-edge research and development.

3. Technological Advancements: Focus on advancing quantum computing and deep tech to drive revolutionary advancements across various sectors.

Key Meetings and Stakeholders

A high-level meeting was held to lay the groundwork for the Quantum Computing Hub, attended by notable leaders from industry and academia, including:

• Natarajan Chandrasekaran: Chairman of Tata Sons.
• S.N. Subrahmanyan: Chairman & MD of L&T.
• Prof. Abhay Karandikar: Secretary, Department of Science 77777777and Technology.
• Dr. J.B.V. Reddy: Head of Quantum Technology Centre, DST.
• Prof. Satyanarayana Kalidindi: Director, IIT Tirupati.
• Prof. Kamakoti: Director, IIT Madras.
• Dr. Amith Singhee: Director, IBM Research India.
• Venkat Subramaniam: IBM Quantum India Leader.

Vision and Future Plans

The vision for 'Quantum Valley' is to establish Andhra Pradesh as a national hub for quantum computing research, similar to how the state led the Information Technology revolution in the 1990s. The initiative also includes plans to integrate quantum computing into Amaravati’s technological ecosystem and explore possibilities for research in the field.

Broader Impact

The establishment of 'Quantum Valley' is expected to bring revolutionary advancements across various sectors, including AI, space technology, defense, and energy. The project is part of a broader plan to create a DeepTech Research Park in Amaravati, fostering international collaborations and attracting technology leaders.

Niti Aayog Announces Frontier Tech Hub and Releases a Paper on Quantum Computing

NITI Aayog has recently launched the Frontier Tech Hub (NITI-FTH), a pioneering initiative aimed at transforming India into a technology-driven economy. This hub will act as a frontier tech action tank, fostering advanced technological innovations to accelerate India's economic and social development. The initiative also seeks to promote emerging technologies that contribute to both human progress and environmental sustainability.

In conjunction with the launch, NITI Aayog released a strategic paper titled “Quantum Computing: National Security Implications & Strategic Preparedness”. This paper highlights the rapid evolution of quantum computing and its transformative potential across multiple sectors, including defense, intelligence, and cybersecurity. It emphasizes the need for a proactive, multi-pronged approach to ensure national security in the quantum computing era.

The paper outlines several key recommendations, such as establishing a task force to track global quantum advancements, assessing vulnerabilities in critical national systems, and creating directives and guidelines on crypto agility. It also calls for establishing bilateral partnerships for rapid adoption of quantum technologies.

The NITI Aayog paper on "Quantum Computing: National Security Implications & Strategic Preparedness" outlines several key implications:

1. Geopolitical Power and Military Dominance: Quantum computing is seen as a critical factor in achieving geopolitical power and military dominance. Nations that achieve early breakthroughs in quantum computing will gain a strategic edge, influencing global technology standards and norms.
2. Economic Warfare and Espionage: Quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize intelligence analysis and economic espionage. It can process vast, complex datasets far beyond classical capabilities, enhancing signals intelligence and reshaping espionage.
3. Cryptography and Cybersecurity: A sufficiently powerful quantum computer could break widely used public-key encryption algorithms, rendering modern internet security, online banking, and secure communications obsolete. This could destabilize financial markets, compromise banking systems, and endanger digital payment infrastructures.
4. Strategic Blind Spots: Advancements in quantum technology could expose nations to increased risks of technological surprise and strategic blind spots. Being caught off guard by these advancements could jeopardize national security and economic competitiveness.
5. Global Investments and Collaboration: The paper highlights the significant investments made by countries like the US, China, and Europe in quantum computing. It recommends establishing a task force to track global quantum advancements, assessing vulnerabilities in critical national systems, and creating directives on crypto agility.
6. National Security Priorities: Quantum technologies are set to redefine national security priorities across multiple domains, from breaking encryption to designing next-generation weaponry. Nations that successfully advance quantum capabilities will gain an unprecedented strategic edge.

These implications underscore the transformative potential of quantum computing and the need for proactive measures to ensure national security and strategic preparedness.

Oxford Scientists Claim to Have Achieved Teleportation Using a Quantum Supercomputer

Scientists at the University of Oxford have successfully demonstrated quantum teleportation using a scalable quantum supercomputer. This breakthrough involves Tele porting logical gates (the fundamental components of quantum algorithms) across a network link, rather than just transferring quantum states.

 

Dougal Main and Beth Nichol working on the distributed quantum computer. Image credit: John Cairns.

This achievement addresses the scalability problem in quantum computing, potentially paving the way for a future quantum internet that could offer ultra-secure communication and computation. It's a significant step towards making quantum computing practical on a large scale.

According to the study lead, Dougal Main, this is a significant advancement because previous demonstrations of quantum teleportation focused on transferring quantum states between physically separated systems while this study achieved the teleportation of logical gates (the fundamental components of quantum algorithms) across a network link.

Quantum teleportation is a fascinating process but is different from Science Fiction Teleportation. Science Fiction Teleportation is often depicted as the instantaneous transport of a person or object from one location to another. While Quantum Teleportation involves transferring quantum information from one location to another without physically moving the particles involved. 

It's important to note that quantum teleportation doesn't involve the physical transportation of particles themselves, just the transfer of their quantum state. Also, classical information must be sent alongside the quantum process, so it doesn't violate the speed of light limit.

In this study published in Nature, the team used quantum teleportation to create interactions between distant systems, allowing them to perform logical quantum gates between qubits housed in separate quantum computers. This effectively "wires together" distinct quantum processors into a single, fully-connected quantum computer.

The researchers developed a scalable architecture based on modules containing a small number of trapped-ion qubits (atomic-scale carriers of quantum information). These modules are linked together using optical fibers and photonic links (light-based data transmission) rather than electrical signals.

The photonic links enable qubits in separate modules to be entangled, allowing quantum logic to be performed across the modules using quantum teleportation. This means that logical operations can be executed between qubits housed in different quantum computers.

By linking multiple quantum processors, the researchers effectively created a distributed quantum computer. This approach addresses the scalability problem by allowing computations to be distributed across the network, potentially enabling the connection of millions of qubits.

The breakthrough could lay the groundwork for a future quantum internet, where distant processors form an ultra-secure network for communication, computation, and sensing.

Professor David Lucas, principal investigator of the research team and lead scientist for the UK Quantum Computing and Simulation Hub, led from the Department of Physics, said:

Our experiment demonstrates that network-distributed quantum information processing is feasible with current technology.

Scaling up quantum computers remains a formidable challenge that will likely require new physics insights and intensive engineering efforts over the coming years said professor Lucas. 

The researchers believe this breakthrough could lay the groundwork for a future quantum internet, which would offer an ultra-secure network for communications, computation, and sensing. The scalable architecture they developed uses modules containing a small number of trapped-ion qubits linked together via optical fibers. This modular approach could potentially overcome the scalability challenges faced by quantum computing.

It's an exciting development that brings us closer to realizing the full potential of quantum computing on a practical scale.

India Plans Launching Quantum Satellite in 2-3 Years

India is gearing up to join the quantum satellite race with the goal of creating a hack-proof communication network. The National Quantum Mission (NQM) is at the forefront of this initiative, aiming to launch a quantum satellite within the next 2-3 years. This satellite will play a crucial role in establishing a secure quantum communications network across the country.

A quantum satellite is a satellite that uses quantum physics to communicate between space and Earth, and to secure information. Quantum satellites use quantum key distribution (QKD) to securely share a secret key between two parties, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. The security of QKD is based on quantum mechanics, making it resistant to hacking and eavesdropping.

Ajai Chowdhry, Co-founder of HCL and Chairman of the Mission Governing Board for the National Quantum Mission (NQM), told businessline, “Satellite-based communication will be required for securing country-wide or international communication. The Department of Space is planning to launch a quantum satellite in 2-3 years for quantum communications.”

The NQM has established four Section 8 companies, also known as not-for-profit entities, to focus on different verticals of quantum technologies. These Thematic Hubs (T-Hubs) are set up within premier academic institutions and national research and development labs. Below are the four verticals:

1. Quantum Computing: Developing intermediate-scale quantum computers with 50-1000 physical qubits.
2. Quantum Communication: Establishing satellite-based secure quantum communications and inter-city quantum key distribution.
3. Quantum Sensing & Metrology: Creating high-sensitivity magnetometers and atomic clocks for precision timing.
4. Quantum Materials & Devices: Designing and synthesizing quantum materials for fabrication of quantum devices.

These hubs aim to seed, nurture, and scale up scientific and industrial R&D in quantum technologies, making India a leader in this field.

Key Points of Quantum Satellite

• Quantum Key Distribution (QKD): The satellite will use QKD technology to transfer encrypted information securely.
• Complementary to Optical Fibers: While optical fibers are limited to 100-250 km, satellites can transfer quantum data over much larger distances.
• Geographical Advantage: India's diverse geography, including locations like Hanle in Ladakh, offers unique advantages for setting up quantum communication ground stations.
• Global Collaboration: India aims to develop satellite-based secure quantum communications between ground stations over a range of 2,000 km within the country and internationally.

This initiative positions India as a key player in the global quantum communications race, enhancing the security and reliability of communication networks.

DST Selects 8 Quantum & Cyber-Physical Systems Startups for Support under NQM and NM-ICPS

On 26 November 2024, Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh announced the selection of eight pioneering startups for support under the National Quantum Mission (NQM) and the National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS). 

These startups are at the forefront of innovation in quantum technology and cyber-physical systems, and they represent significant strides in fields such as quantum communication, quantum computing, quantum sensing, and quantum materials.

These startups were chosen through a rigorous evaluation process and are expected to make significant contributions to their respective fields.

Here are the eight pioneering startups selected for support under the National Quantum Mission and the National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems:

1. QNu Labs (Bengaluru) - Quantum communication
2. QPIAI India Private Ltd (Bengaluru) Quantum computing
3. Dimira Technologies (IIT Mumbai) Indigenous cryogenic cables essential for quantum computing
4. Prenishq (IIT Delhi) - Precision diode-laser systems
5. QuPrayog (Pune) - Optical atomic clocks
6. Quanastra (Delhi) - Advanced cryogenics and superconducting detectors
7. Pristine Diamonds (Ahmedabad) - Creating Diamond materials for quantum sensing
8. Quan2D Technologies (Bengaluru) - Superconducting Nanowire Single-photon Detectors

These startups are poised to make significant contributions to their respective fields in quantum technology and cyber-physical systems.

Dr. Jitendra Singh

The DST will support the selected startups through a structured framework that includes: Funding Opportunities, Mentorship and Guidance, Infrastructure Support, and facilities to aid in the development and testing of new technologies, among other things.

Categorised by Cities and Institutes:

By Cities:

• Bengaluru:
• QNu Labs
• QPIAI India Private Ltd
• Quan2D Technologies
• Pune:
• QuPrayog
• Ahmedabad:
• Pristine Diamonds
• Delhi:
• Quanastra

By Institutes:

• IIT Mumbai:
• Dimira Technologies
• IIT Delhi:
• Prenishq

These startups represent a diverse range of innovations and specializations in quantum technology and cyber-physical systems.

With this initiative, the Minister remarked, the selected startups are not just participants in a technological mission but torchbearers of India’s ambition to emerge as a global leader in quantum science.

During the event, Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh proposed that such initiatives and programs should be held beyond Delhi to ensure broader participation and engagement across the country. He emphasized that taking these events to smaller towns and other regions would provide the youth with a valuable opportunity to witness the advancements in quantum technologies and related fields firsthand.

India’s Quantum Leap with 85% of Industry Leaders Calling for Major Investments in Quantum Computing, Reports Primus Partners

As quantum computing rapidly advances from research to real-world applications, India is positioned to play a pivotal role in shaping the technology’s future. A recent survey by Primus Partners - India’s leading consultancy, reveals that industry leaders across India are pushing for significant investments in quantum research and talent development to unlock the potential of this transformative technology. The survey, conducted with 200 senior executives and CXOs, highlights the critical actions needed to propel India’s leadership in quantum computing, which is expected to revolutionise sectors like cybersecurity, healthcare, and logistics.

Sundar Pichai standing next to a quantum computer at Google

Quantum's game-changing impact across sectors

Industry leaders are confident about quantum computing’s potential to reshape industries. Nearly 75% of respondents view quantum as a game-changer for India’s future. The sectors expected to benefit most include Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (79.4%), Cybersecurity and Cryptography (68.1%), and Healthcare and Drug Discovery (61%).

These findings highlight the critical importance of quantum computing for India’s technological advancement. AI and machine learning, for instance, stand to experience significant acceleration, with quantum algorithms potentially unlocking new levels of computational power and efficiency. Similarly, in cybersecurity and cryptography, quantum’s ability to process vast amounts of data can drastically improve encryption methods, safeguarding India’s digital infrastructure. In healthcare, quantum could revolutionise drug discovery, making it faster and more precise, ultimately improving public health outcomes.

Key actions to unlock Quantum’s full potential

To capitalise on quantum computing’s transformative promise, industry leaders are united on the critical steps India must take. Investing in research and development (R&D) emerges as a top priority, with 74.5% of respondents emphasising the urgent need for increased investment to drive quantum innovation and ensure that India remains competitive in the global quantum race. In addition to R&D, developing a skilled workforce is seen as vital for the country’s quantum future. 61.7% of respondents highlight the importance of building a highly skilled talent pool capable of driving the next generation of quantum breakthroughs. Without the necessary talent, India risks falling behind in this rapidly evolving field.

Beyond R&D and talent development, industry leaders also view quantum as a powerful tool for addressing significant societal challenges. 63.1% believe quantum computing has the potential to enhance financial systems, making them more efficient, transparent, and secure. Similarly, 61.7% see quantum's ability to advance healthcare access, particularly in underserved regions, as a key area where the technology could make a profound impact, improving India’s social infrastructure and public health systems.

Challenges to overcome: R&D Costs, Talent Gaps, and Collaboration Needs

While the potential of quantum computing is widely acknowledged, the survey also highlights significant barriers to its widespread adoption. 70.9% of respondents point to the high cost of R&D as one of the major obstacles preventing faster advancements in quantum technology. Additionally, 62.4% of respondents note that the shortage of skilled talent is another critical barrier that must be addressed in order to unlock the full potential of quantum innovation. In addition to these challenges, 45.4% of leaders emphasise the importance of collaboration across sectors. They stress the need for closer cooperation between governments, the private sector, and international organisations to overcome both the financial and talent-related barriers to quantum growth. This collaborative approach will be key to driving breakthroughs and ensuring India remains at the forefront of the global quantum race..

Devroop Dhar, Co-founder and Managing Director of Primus Partners stated, “Quantum technology holds the potential to solve some of the most complex problems in materials science, drug discovery, financial modeling, and cryptography. This technology will significantly enhance national security, drive economic growth, and create millions of jobs. Our survey clearly indicates that industry leaders recognise the urgent need for strategic investments and skill development in this field.”

With global competition accelerating, India must act quickly. 32.6% of respondents believe practical quantum applications will be realised within 3-5 years, while 27.7% estimate it will take over five years before quantum computing becomes widely deployed. This timeline underscores the urgency for India to make the necessary investments in R&D, build the required talent pool, and forge global partnerships.

India Will Have Its Own Quantum Computer in the Next 3 Years: Dr. Vijay P. Pandurang

Padma Bhushan Dr. Vijay P. Pandurang, one of India's earliest computer scientist, said that "we are working on quantum computers. Through quantum computers, we can increase the speed of any computer manifold" . He said that we have prepared a five-year road map.

Dr. Pandurang is best known for developing the first Indian supercomputer, the PARAM 8000, in 1991. 

The prototype of the quantum computer is ready. Within three years, India will have its own quantum computer, said Dr. Pandurang. He told this in Lucknow, where he was attending the 67th convocation of Lucknow University as the chief guest.

To recall, India is fast progressing towards indigenous quantum computer power. Under the National Quantum Mission, India aims to develop a 24-qubit quantum computer within the next three years and a 100-qubit system in five years. This initiative is being led by the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) in Mumbai, with collaborations from the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Tata Consultancy Services (TCS). 

This development is part of a broader effort to advance India’s capabilities in quantum technology, which includes computing, communication, measurement, and sensing2. The mission has a substantial budget and is expected to foster innovation and research in this cutting-edge field
Dr. Pandurang, who led the led the development of India's Param supercomputers in the late 1980s, also revealed that during the discussion about the visit of the supercomputer to India, the then US President Ronald Reagan was ready to give the supercomputer to India, but he had laid down some conditions. Ronald wanted India to use it in the context of climate and not in any other context. One of these conditions was that if India violates the conditions, then all other agreements with India will be Cancelled by the US.

America feared that India could use the supercomputer to make missiles. Dr. Pandurang said that India is a country with an agricultural economy. In such a situation, it is important to give timely information to farmers by making accurate estimates about the climate regarding their crops. He told that when America made the supercomputer, the then Prime Minister of India Rajiv Gandhi was ready to buy it, he also talked to America. But, after the talks failed due to the condition, on returning to India, Rajiv Gandhi called him and asked if we can make a supercomputer. "So I replied why can't We". Although I have not seen the supercomputer, I have only seen the picture. He told that at that time Japan was trying to make a supercomputer. Rajiv Gandhi again asked how long it would take to be made, so I replied that it would be ready in 3 years.

Dr. Pandurang was the founder and executive director of Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) and is currently working on developing exascale supercomputing for India.

Microsoft and Atom Computing Partner to Bring New Generation of Reliable Quantum Hardware to Customers

Microsoft recently announced a significant milestone in quantum computing by demonstrating the best performing logical qubits on record. This achievement is part of their efforts to advance Azure Quantum, a platform designed to provide reliable quantum computing at scale.

In collaboration with Quantinuum, Microsoft created and entangled 12 highly reliable logical qubits, the largest number of entangled logical qubits with the highest fidelity recorded so far. This development is crucial as it addresses the noise and error issues prevalent in current quantum systems, making them more practical for real-world applications.

Additionally, Microsoft is integrating Atom Computing's neutral-atom hardware into Azure Quantum, further enhancing the platform's capabilities. This integration aims to bring best-in-class solutions to customers, enabling advanced hybrid quantum applications that could tackle complex challenges, from sustainable energy solutions to next-generation Therapeutics.

In collaboration with Atom Computing, Microsoft is bringing a new generation of reliable quantum hardware to customers. Bringing together it’s enhanced qubit-virtualization system with Atom Computing’s neutral-atom hardware, Microsoft has jointly generated logical qubits and are optimizing the system to enable reliable quantum computation. The companies believe that this new commercial offering will be the world’s most powerful quantum machine on record and will scale to scientific advantage and beyond.

The reliability of logical qubits is a critical factor in advancing quantum computing. Logical qubits are constructed from multiple physical qubits and are designed to be more robust against errors.

Integrating different types of quantum hardware, such as neutral-atom hardware from Atom Computing, into platforms like Azure Quantum can further enhance reliability. These hybrid systems combine the strengths of various technologies to create more robust and versatile quantum solutions.

One of the main advantages of neutral-atom technology is its potential for scalability. Atom Computing has demonstrated arrays with over 100 qubits, and their systems are designed to scale up to thousands of qubits.

Logical qubits use error-correcting codes to detect and correct errors that occur in physical qubits. This process significantly reduces the error rates, making computations more reliable. The fidelity of a qubit refers to how accurately it can represent quantum information. Higher fidelity means fewer errors and more reliable operations. Microsoft’s recent achievement with 12 highly reliable logical qubits represents a significant improvement in fidelity.

Entangling multiple logical qubits increases their computational power and reliability. The entanglement of 12 logical qubits by Microsoft and Quantinuum is a record-setting achievement that enhances the stability and performance of quantum systems.

Reliable logical qubits are essential for scaling up quantum computers. As the number of qubits increases, maintaining reliability becomes more challenging. Advances in logical qubit technology are crucial for building larger, more powerful quantum computers.

Microsoft is pioneering a new computing paradigm by bringing the power of the cloud and AI together with quantum. Microsoft's Azure Quantum compute platform enables the seamless execution of quantum applications that leverage hardware across a variety of qubit architectures and chips, while offering integration with cloud HPC and AI.

Over this past year, Microsoft has announced new breakthroughs and collaborations in pursuit of this platform mission, including offering Generative Chemistry and Accelerated DFT and advancing the industry to reliable quantum computing by demonstrating highly reliable logical qubits.

Young Scientists From DRDO's Lab Complete End-To-End Testing of Quantum Processor Based on Superconducting Circuit Technology

Scientists from the DRDO Young Scientists Laboratory for Quantum Technologies (DYSL-QT) in Pune, in collaboration with the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) in Mumbai, have successfully completed the end-to-end testing of a 6-qubit quantum processor based on superconducting circuit technology.

For a novice, Superconducting Circuits are electronic circuits that operate at extremely low temperatures, where certain materials exhibit zero electrical resistance. This property allows for the creation of highly efficient and fast circuits, which are crucial for quantum computing.

Many quantum processors, including those developed by companies like Google and IBM, use superconducting circuit technology.

This milestone by DRDO's young scientists involved submitting a quantum circuit from a cloud-based interface, executing the program on the quantum hardware, and updating the cloud interface with the computed results.

 

Image - DRDO 

The project is a collaboration between DYSL-QT, TIFR, and Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), with the qubits designed and fabricated at TIFR.

The scientists at DYSL-QT developed the control and measurement apparatus using a combination of commercial off-the-shelf electronics and custom-programmed development boards. They are also responsible for optimizing various aspects of the system’s performance before it becomes operational.

The qubits used in the quantum processor were designed and fabricated at TIFR. The architecture of the quantum processor is based on a novel ring-resonator design invented at TIFR.

TCS developed the cloud-based interface that allows users to submit quantum circuits, execute programs on the quantum hardware, and receive computed results.

In future plans, the next steps include scaling up the number of qubits and assessing the technology’s scalability and feasibility for commercial application.

Beside this, the scientists want to further optimize the system's performance and scaling up the number of qubits to assess the technology's scalability and feasibiliy for commercial applications.

Few days back, the National Quantum Mission (NQM) of India announced to offer grants to 10 to 15 startups in the next three months to support startups in the field of quantum computing.

India Soon To Launch Its First Quantum Computer

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research's (TIFR's) Jay Deshmukh (left) and Binoy Nambiar of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) working on a dilution refrigerator used to cool superconducting qubits; (Photo: Mandar Deodhar | Source – IndiaToday.in)

India is making significant strides in the field of quantum computing. The Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) in Mumbai is on the verge of completing the country's first quantum computer. This groundbreaking achievement is a testament to the relentless efforts of the Quantum Measurement and Control (QuMaC) lab, which was established 12 years ago with the specific goal of tackling the complex challenges inherent in quantum system development.

Led by Dr. R. Vijayaraghavan, QuMaC views this initial quantum computer as a pivotal stepping stone for India's foray into the burgeoning field of quantum technology. The project, undertaken in collaboration with the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), involves designing critical components such as the quantum processing unit, electronics, and software—each presenting its own intricate challenges.

For uninitiated, quantum computers, leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics, hold immense promise for revolutionizing fields ranging from drug discovery and materials science to cryptography and artificial intelligence. While still in its nascent stages, this breakthrough by TIFR marks a crucial step for India in joining the global race to harness the power of quantum computing.

TIFR, in its pursuit of creating India’s first quantum computer, has partnered with two key entities: the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Tata Consultancy Services (TCS). The collaboration with DRDO brings expertise in defense technology and research. DRDO’s involvement likely focuses on security applications and potential military use cases for quantum computing.

Together with TIFR, DRDO contributes to the design and development of critical components, including the quantum processing unit, electronics, and software.

TCS collaborates with TIFR to create the necessary software stack for the quantum computer. This includes programming languages, compilers, and tools to harness the quantum hardware efectively.

Additionally, TCS may contribute insights into practical applications of quantum computing across various domains.

It may be recalled that in June, IndianWeb2 reported that the Government of India is looking to work with IT services majors like TCS, HCL and Tech Mahindra to develop software for quantum technologies under the NQM, which will support Indian startups and scientists working in the emerging area.

Besides this, Indian Institute of Science (IISc) too launched its Quantum Technology Initiative (IQTI) in September 2020. The initiative aims to establish a solid foundation for quantum technologies by fostering collaborations between physicists, material scientists, computer scientists, and engineers. It actively engages with businesses and strategic partners to develop technology with economic and social impact

Additionally, the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Mandi is also working on an indigenous room-temperature quantum computer that will use photons for faster calculations.